Journal of Engineering Applied Science and Humanities

Design and Fabrication of a Motorized Twenty-Five (25) Ton H-Type Hydraulic Press

Alex Ampofo — 2024-02-10

This research presents the design, fabrication, and performance evaluation of a 25-ton (24,5166.25N) hydraulic press capacity machine to withstand a maximum load of 25 tons without failure. The conceptualized design is fully realized using various equations, simulations, and analysis. Mild steel was used predominantly in the design due to its strength, machinability, and rigidity which falls within the design specification. The low-cost and hydraulically operated press uses a mix of locally and imported sourced materials. The hydraulic press components are the frame column, the working table, the frame, the top support plate, the hydraulic cylinder, the pump, the oil reservoir, the motor, and the directional control valve. In evaluating the performance of the hydraulic press machine, mild and carbon steels of varied thicknesses of 10 mm, 15 mm, and 25 mm were tested. In respect of the mild steels, the pressure gauge recorded 1 MPa, 10 MPa, and 16 MPa after pressing them while that of carbon steels pressed recorded 10 N/mm2, 12 N/mm2and 18 N/mm2. These made corresponding deflections of 30 mm, 40 mm, and 12 mm for the mild steel and 8 mm, 10 mm, and 15 mm for the carbon steel. At a pressure beyond 31.5 MPa being the set point of the directional control valve, the motor or pump ceases to work, resulting in the inability of the press to function. The practical test result obtained is devoid of oil leakages, low pressure, abnormal noise, and excessive overheating of the system.

Factors Influencing Stigmatization among Staff Survivors of Covid-19

Jacob Abebrese — 2023-06-20

The novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV, or COVID-19) epidemic first broke out in Wuhan and has been spreading in whole China and the world. The number of new infections and deaths is increasing, which became public health concern. The main objective of the study is to assess factors influencing stigmatization among staff survivors of Covid-19 at the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital. The study was conducted at Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital. A descriptive study was employed as the study type and a cross-sectional study as the design. The population for the study consisted of staff survivors of Covid-19 at Korli-Bu Teaching Hospital. A convenient sampling technique was used to select 335 participants who arrived using Yamane’s formula. Structured questionnaires were used to collect the data. Data were analyzed using STATA version 16 software. Frequencies, percentages, and regression analysis were used at a 0.05 significance level. The study found an adequate knowledge of health workers and stigmatization. Participants scored an average percentage concerning the items used to measure the survivors and stigma. The logistic regression analysis showed that there was an established factor that determined stigma among health workers at Korli Bu Teaching Hospital. Survivors of Covid-19 are a global challenge among health workers and are mostly stigmatized due to their poor knowledge of Covid-19.

Detection of “Cocoa Swollen Shoot Disease” in Ghanaian Cocoa Trees Based on Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Deep Learning Technique

Miracle Atianashie — 2023-06-20

The application of Convolutional Neural Networks and Deep Learning Techniques in the detection of "Cocoa Swollen Shoot" disease in Ghanaian cocoa trees have demonstrated its effectiveness and reliability. This approach provides a valuable tool for cocoa farmers and agricultural authorities to promptly identify and manage the disease, contributing to the sustainable production of cocoa and the preservation of Ghana's cocoa industry. Recent advances in diagnostics have made image analysis one of the main areas of research and development. Selecting and calculating these characteristics of a disease is a difficult task. Among deep learning techniques, deep convolutional neural networks are actively used for image analysis. This includes areas of application such as segmentation, anomaly detection, disease classification, and computer-aided diagnosis. The objective, which we aim for in this article, is to extract information in an effective way for a better diagnosis of the plants attending the disease of “swollen shoot”.

Factors Affecting HIV Clients’ Exposures and Adherence to Toxoplasmosis Preventive Measures at the Individual, Interpersonal, Community and Institutional Levels: A Literature Review

Anita Owusu — 2023-06-20

This study deals with the review of various literature relating to the topic under study, and has been sub-sectioned in accordance as follow key concepts of cerebral toxoplasmosis in HIV, risk factors of cerebral toxoplasmosis, preventive measures against cerebral toxoplasmosis, challenges of HIV patients with adherence to preventive measures, pitfalls in health care affecting the implementation of preventive measures, and theoretical framework. However, Factors affecting HIV clients' exposures and adherence to toxoplasmosis preventive measures can be categorized into individual, interpersonal, community, and institutional levels. These factors influence the extent to which HIV clients are exposed to toxoplasmosis and their willingness and ability to follow preventive measures. Based on research works on resistance patterns done in various parts of the West African sub-region, there has been an increasing worry over how effective co-trimoxazole is as a prophylactic medication against bacterial and parasitic opportunistic infections in HIV patients. CNS manifestations are often the primary feature of HIV/AIDS that leads to its diagnosis in an estimated 1 in 10 patients presenting with neurologic disorders. In late-stage HIV disease, CNS disorders are often associated with poorer outcomes.

Determination of Forgery Risk Indicators in Land Transaction Documents in Ghana

Samuel Boamah Asiedu — 2024-01-04

The multiplicity of land transactions takes place on the same land parcel coupled with myriad documentation efforts by both statutory and customary tenure systems. These are susceptible to fraud and concomitant land disputes. Land transaction documentation flaws are a significant cause of land ownership and boundary disputes in Ghana. The research investigated current land transaction documents, and identifiable flaws, and explored probable means of altering genuine land transaction records with the intent of deceiving the innocent purchaser or unsuspecting vendor. An embedded mixed method of research approach was adopted for the study. A cross-sectional survey was undertaken to assess respondents’ knowledge of land acquisition and the acceptability of various land documents as authentic enough to legitimize one’s interest in land. Both cadastral plan and spatial planning extracts were key in identifying authentic land transaction records based on geometrical accuracies and the delineation of parcels. Results revealed that the availability of the affected parcel was barred from any encroachment and boundary disputes, and prospective buyers became forgery-risk-averse in ascertaining all other risk factors within the transaction attribute records. However, conflicting ownership, the absence of regional number-defaced seals on cadastral plans, site plans, and statutory declarations without legal authority were considered viable forgery risk indicators. It was recommended that the Government of Ghana should secure the creation and establishment of a multipurpose digital cadastre to ensure sanity in the Ghanaian land market.