Journal of Engineering, Applied Science and Humanities (JEASH) is an online open-access peer reviewed publication which focuses on research in the field of multidisciplinary subject areas in worldwide. The journal encourages articles on original research, case studies and reviews on topic of current interest. Before preparing manuscript or submitting manuscript to this journal, the author(s) must have go through the following important aspect in order to maintain academic and research integrity;

  1. Publication Ethics and Practices
  2. Plagiarism Policy
  3. Open Access Policy 

Preparation of the Manuscript:

Manuscript must be written in clear and concise English. Either British or American spelling is acceptable. It must be sent in Microsoft Word format (.doc or .docx).General format of the research papers should be as follows in given template:

  1. Title page
  2. Abstract and key words
  3. Introduction
  4. Materials and methods
  5. Results
  6. Discussion
  7. Conclusion
  8. Acknowledgement (if any)
  9. References 

Title Page: The title page should include: The title of the article, which should be concise and informative. Name of all the authors limited to 6 authors (with one forename of each author in full) followed by their affiliations: department, institution, city, pin code and country. If more than one department or institution is involved, authors name should be linked to appropriate institutions/departments by inserting consecutive numbers in superscript after relevant names to which the work should be attributed. Name, mailing address, fax, phone number and e-mail ID of corresponding author. Running title – containing not more than 50 characters.

Abstract: The second page should carry an abstract of not more than 250 words. For full research paper, the abstract should be structured into four components.

Keywords: Below the abstract, provide key words (minimum three but not more than six) in alphabetical orders separated by coma.

Introduction: Clearly state the purpose of the study. Briefly summarize the rationale of the study and clearly indicate the lacunae or deficiencies in previous studies for which present study has been taken up. Give only pertinent references. Do not review the subject extensively.

Research Methods or Methodology: The paper must clearly defined the research methods or methodologies are used in it. (Mandatory for research articles).

Results: Include number of observation and the statistical significance of the findings appropriately. Detailed statistical analyses, mathematical derivations, and the like may sometimes be suitably presented in the form of one or more appendices. Present your results in logical sequence in the text, tables and illustrations. Do not repeat in the text all the data already given in tables, illustrations or both. Emphasize and summarize only important observations. Each table should be typed continuously with the text. Legends for illustrations/figures should be typed continuously with the text (as shown in the template).

Discussion: Emphasize the new and important aspects of the study and conclusions derived from them. Do not repeat in details data given in the results section. Include in the discussion the implications of the findings and their limitations and relate the research topics. Link the conclusion with the goals of the study but avoid unqualified statements and conclusions not completely supported by your data. Discussion should be relevant and an unnecessary lengthy presentation should be avoided.

Conclusion: A very brief summary note of the work with a concluding remark should be given. This should include the novelty and implication of the work and its contribution to the up-liftment of the present scientific knowledge in general.

References: Number the references consecutively in the order in which they are first mentioned in the text. Identify references in text and legends by Arabic numerals. Only appropriate references should be cited. Generally, for a full research paper, the number of references should not exceed 25. The references must be verified by the author(s) against the original documents. 

APA

APA Style was created by the American Psychological Association and was originally used in psychology and the social sciences. Today many other disciplines also use it. APA’s citation style uses an author-date system of the parenthetical citation.

APA Style citation example (book)

APA in-text citation

The book uses success stories from the authors’ own lived experiences to make the case for a creative revolution in the business world (Stewart & Simmons, 2010, p. 22).

APA reference list entry

Stewart, D., & Simmons, M. (2010). The business playground: Where creativity and commerce collide. New Riders Press.

Note: This example follows the 7th edition of the APA Publication Manual, released in October 2019. An example from the 6th edition is shown below. Check your university’s guidelines to see which edition you should adhere to.

6th ed. APA Style citation example (book)

APA in-text citation

The book uses success stories from the authors’ own lived experiences to make the case for a creative revolution in the business world (Stewart & Simmons, 2010, p. 22).

IEEE

IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) is a citation style often used in technical studies, such as IT and electrical engineering. IEEE style has guidelines for specific types of sources. For source types that are not covered in IEEE, Chicago style is used. IEEE uses a numeric system.

IEEE citation example (book)

IEEE in-text citation

The book uses success stories from the authors’ own lived experiences to make the case for a creative revolution in the business world (1).

IEEE reference list entry

1. D. Stewart and M. Simmons, The Business Playground: Where Creativity and Commerce Collide. Berkeley, USA: New Riders Press, 2010.

MLA

MLA style (currently in its 8th edition) was developed by the Modern Language Association and is especially popular in language and literary studies. MLA uses parenthetical citations containing the author and page number.

MLA citation example (book)

MLA in-text citation

The book uses success stories from the authors’ own lived experiences to make the case for a creative revolution in the business world (Stewart and Simmons 22).

MLA Works Cited entry

Stewart, Dave and Mark Simmons. The Business Playground: Where Creativity and Commerce Collide. New Rider Press, 2010.

Chicago

Chicago style is published by The Chicago Manual of Style. There are two variations:

  • Chicago A: You cite the source in a footnote or endnote.
  • Chicago B: You use a parenthetical author-date citation in the text.

Chicago A example (book)

Chicago in-text citation

The book uses success stories from the authors’ own lived experiences to make the case for a creative revolution in the business world.1

Chicago style footnote

1 Dave Stewart and Mark Simmons, The Business Playground: Where Creativity and Commerce Collide (Berkeley: New Riders Press, 2010).

Chicago bibliography entry

Stewart, Dave and Mark Simmons. The Business Playground: Where Creativity and Commerce Collide. Berkeley: New Riders Press, 2010.

Harvard

Harvard referencing style is often used in the field of economics. There is no official style guide, which means there are a few variations. Some organizations have published their own style guides for Harvard style:

Like APA style, Harvard style is based on an author-date system.

Harvard citation style example (book)

Harvard in-text citation

The book uses success stories from the authors’ own lived experiences to make the case for a creative revolution in the business world (Stewart and Simmons, 2010, p. 22).

Harvard reference list entry

Stewart, D. and Simmons, M. (2010) The business playground: Where creativity and commerce collide. Berkeley: New Riders Press.

Vancouver

Vancouver style was developed by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) and is mostly used in medical disciplines.

Vancouver style works with a numeric system. In the text, the source is indicated by a number, and the full source details appear next to that number in the reference list.

Vancouver citation style example (book)

Vancouver in-text citation

The book uses success stories from the authors’ own lived experiences to make the case for a creative revolution in the business world (1).

Vancouver reference list entry

1. Stewart D, Simmons M. The business playground: where creativity and commerce collide. Berkeley: New Riders Press: 2010.

Order Of Presenting Various Components Of A Paper

Follow this order: Title, abstract, keywords/descriptors, introduction, materials and methods, results, discussion, conclusion, acknowledgment, and references.

Sectioning

Headings and subheadings should be in bold print and numbered as follows: Level 1-BOLD UPPER CASE; Level 2- Bold Lower Case; Level 3- Bold Lower Case Italics etc. Do NOT format.

Footnotes

Footnotes must be as brief as possible and appear on the same page as the reference. These should be minimally used and numbered consecutively in the text.

Endnotes

Endnotes are now accepted.

Submission Format

There should be a separate cover page for the title of the manuscript, author’s name, postal address, e-mail address, telephone numbers, institutional/departmental affiliation, and disciplinary area (Economics, Religious Education). No such information should appear on any other page of the manuscript.

Withdrawal Policy

Few of the authors request withdrawal of the manuscript from the publication process after submission or after publication. In some instances, the request for withdrawal is made when the manuscript is only a few days from publication in the journal. This may be a waste by the editors, reviewers, and editorial staff.

All authors including corresponding and co-authors should confirm the number of authors, authorship, approval, and integrity of the manuscript before submission. In case of any differences of opinion, address the concerns of all the authors before submitting the manuscript for publication. Authors should follow the details of the publication ethics of SJST.

A manuscript can be appropriately withdrawn from any previous publisher (if submitted). It is unacceptable to withdraw a manuscript from a journal because it is being accepted by another journal. Before submitting, the manuscript authors should carefully check the facts and data presented in the manuscripts are accurate and error-free. All authors need to agree for publishing the articles in a specific journal before submission.

Manuscript Withdrawal Charges

The author (s) are allowed to withdraw the manuscript without paying any withdrawal penalty, if the author (s) request a withdrawal of the manuscript, within 48 hours of submission. If the author (s) request a withdrawal of the manuscript, after the peer review process or in the production stage (Early Release or Ahead of publishing) or published online; then authors need to pay a withdrawal penalty. SJST Journal Editorial Office will provide the corresponding author with a formal letter of Manuscript Withdrawal. Withdrawal of manuscripts is only allowed after the withdrawal penalty has been fully paid to the SJST Editorial Office. As per the policy, we declare that the withdrawal charges are applicable in case of withdrawal.

Copyright

As publisher of the JEASH, the Sunyani Technical University shall be the copyright owner of the journal.

Disclaimer

The JEASH will not bear responsibility for any anomalies on the part of authors and/or inaccuracies in published works.

Appendix

Normally NOT required.

Plagiarism Policy

To maintain originality and avoid plagiarism by the research scholar. To avoid conditions of double plagiarism, self-plagiarism, or at least publication units. To acknowledge the sources with full authenticity. The copyright form submitted should contain the signed consent of each author in the manuscript.

All papers submitted are initially screened and checked through the Advanced Plagiarism Detection Software (CrossCheck by Turnitin)

Ethical Responsibilities

To maintain originality and avoid plagiarism by the research scholar. To avoid submission of self-plagiarism, double plagiarism, or at least publication units. To acknowledge the sources with full authenticity. The copyright form submitted should contain the signed consent of each author in the manuscript. It is essential that the author(s) obtain permission to reproduce any published material, figures, schemes, tables, or any extract of a text which does not fall into the public domain, or for which they do not hold the copyright.

Permission is required for:

Your own works were published by other publishers and for which you did not retain copyright. Substantial extracts from any other work or series of work. Use of Tables, Graphs, Charts, Schemes, and artworks if they are unaltered or slightly modified. Photographs for which you do not hold the copyright.

Permission is not required for:

Reconstruction of your own table with data already published elsewhere. Please notice that in this case, you must cite the source of the data in the form of either “Data from… “Or “Adapted from….”. Reasonably short quotes are considered fair use and therefore do not require permission. Graphs, Charts, Schemes, and Artworks that are completely redrawn and significantly changed beyond recognition do not require permission.

Plagiarism and Libel

Plagiarism

Four key elements interact to effect plagiarism:

Publication - the oral or written presentation of another’s work in public;

Content - the presentation of the contents (methods, results, thoughts, expressions, ideas) of another’s work;

Appropriation - the passing off of another’s work as one’s own; and

Lack of credit given - passing off another’s work without the appropriate attribution to the original source.

Hence, plagiarism may be defined as

“wrongful appropriation or ‘close imitation’ or ‘purloining and publication’ of another author’s methods, results, thoughts, language, expressions or ideas and presenting them as one’s own original work.”[1]

Plagiarism is, thus an unreferenced use of another's published or unpublished ideas. This may be the submission of a part or whole of a paper under new authorship. Plagiarism includes an author reusing his/her own material (sometimes known as "redundant publication" or “self-plagiarism”). To avoid plagiarism, sources must be disclosed. Quotations should be placed in quote marks or reworded. If illustrations or large sections of another's written material is to be used then authors must seek permission. The journal's guidelines to authors contain a clear statement that submissions must be original work and detail the possible outcomes for authors found guilty of plagiarism.

Detecting Plagiarism

This is important to maintain originality and avoid plagiarism by the research scholar; to avoid the condition of double plagiarism or self-plagiarism and to acknowledge the sources with full authenticity. The copyright form submitted should contain the signed consent of each author in the manuscript. All papers submitted are initially screened and checked through the

Advanced Plagiarism Detection

Software (CrossCheck by Turnitin). With plagiarism detection, software (e.g. CrossCheck's Turnitin) manuscripts will be checked quickly and any overlap can be quantified.

What is not Plagiarism?

There can be no rule as to what degree of overlap constitutes plagiarism: some overlap is legitimate. Here are a few examples where overlap does not equate to plagiarism:

The bibliography of the two papers may be very similar and yet not constitute plagiarism.

Two papers may have very similar methods and yet not constitute plagiarism. (There are so many ways to describe the same procedure.)

In some fields, depositing an earlier working version of the manuscript in a depositary is common and not considered prior publication.

Where significant overlap is found, the editorial office administrator will analyze the results to establish whether the overlap is legitimate or not. If plagiarism is indicated then the matter shall be investigated following the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) flowchart. For more advice on managing plagiarism issues, refer to section 3 of Wiley's Best Practice Guidelines on Publishing Ethics.

Libel

Libel and defamation are both unscholarly and illegal. Be very careful when dealing with articles that criticize other individuals or groups. Libel cannot be automatically detected. Reviewers, who read the manuscript in full, are best placed to discover possible libel. Ensure they know to raise any potential libel. The author should be encouraged to remove the statement or rephrase his/her remarks as opinions. Legal definitions and penalties for libel vary between territories. If you are in any doubt about whether an article is libelous, contact your publisher or legal representation.

Articles

This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge.